Definition Of Characteristics Of Particles Of Matters
Solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, and one state called the Bose-Einstein condensate are the five states of matter.
More AboutCharacteristics of Particles of Matters
- Scientists have always known about solids, liquids, and gases
- Plasma was a new idea when it was noticed by William Crookes in 1879
- The scientists who worked with the Bose-Einstein condensate received a Nobel Prize for their work in 1995
- Solids are often hard and brittle. Liquids are all fluidy at room temperature. Gases are there, but you usually smell them before you can see them
- You don't see them because their molecules are really far apart
- The BEC is all about molecules that are really close to each other, even closer than atoms in a solid
- Elements and compounds can move from one physical state to another and not change their basic atomic parts
- Oxygen ( O2 ) as a gas still has the same properties as liquid oxygen. The liquid state is colder and denser, but the molecules are still the same
- Water ( H2 O ) is another example. A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom.
- Water has the same molecular structure whether it is a gas, liquid, or solid. Although its physical state may change, its chemical state remains the same
- The particles of matter are so small that they cannot be seen by naked eye
- If a few particles of are added to 100ml water, the crystals spread and the colour is seen distributed throughout water
- 10ml. Water is taken and diluted to 100ml. the colour becomes light but is visible
- Even on further dilution, the colour is still visible to the eye. This show that even in a few crystals of several millions of molecules are present
- Particles of one type of matter mix into another type as there is enough space between particles of matter
- Particles of matter keep moving continuously. The particles of matter possess kinetic energy
- As the temperature rises, particles move faster. With an increase in temperature, kinetic energy increases
- Particles of matter intermix on their own with each other. This property is called diffusion
- On heating particles of matter, diffusion becomes faster
- Particles of matter have force acting between them. This force keeps the particles together
- The strength of the force of attraction varies from one particle to another
- The boiling point of liquid is raised by increasing the pressure and reduced by lowering the pressure. It can be demonstrated by the apparatus shown in figure(second one)
Applications:
- As the temperature rises, particles move faster. With an increase in temperature, kinetic energy increases
- Particles of matter intermix on their own with each other. This property is called diffusion
- On heating particles of matter, diffusion becomes faster
- Particles of matter have force acting between them. This force keeps the particles together
- The strength of the force of attraction varies from one particle to another
- The boiling point of liquid is raised by increasing the pressure and reduced by lowering the pressure. It can be demonstrated by the apparatus shown in figure(second one)
